隨著技術的發展,鋰電池憑借著免維護,使用壽命長,無污染等特性被廣泛使用。在生活中咱們隨處可見使用鋰電池的產品,手機、路燈、醫療設備、基站、鐵塔、機器人、便攜移動辦公等等。我們都知道,鋰電池產品放電狀態跟溫度是有影響的,比如高溫和低溫都對鋰電池的工作狀態有影響,那么溫度對鋰電池有什么影響呢?
◆高溫對鋰電池的損害
溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)下降,電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)的(de)反(fan)應(ying)速率(lv)也下降。假設(she)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)持恒定,放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流降低,電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)功率(lv)輸出也會(hui)下降。在所有的(de)環境因素(su)中,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)性能(neng)影(ying)響(xiang)最大,在電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)/電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)界面(mian)上(shang)的(de)電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)應(ying)與(yu)環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)有關,電(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)/電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)界面(mian)被視為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)心臟。如(ru)果(guo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)上(shang)升(sheng)則相反(fan),即鋰(li)聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)輸出功率(lv)會(hui)上(shang)升(sheng)。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)也影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)送(song)速度(du)(du)(du),溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)上(shang)升(sheng)則加快,傳(chuan)(chuan)送(song)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)下降,傳(chuan)(chuan)送(song)減慢,電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)放電(dian)(dian)性能(neng)也會(hui)受到(dao)影(ying)響(xiang)。但溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)太高,超過45°,會(hui)破壞電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內的(de)化(hua)學(xue)平衡,導致副反(fan)應(ying)。
◆低溫對鋰電池的損害
鋰電(dian)池(chi)短時(shi)間(jian)在低溫(wen)(wen)環(huan)境下使(shi)用(yong),或(huo)者(zhe)溫(wen)(wen)度不夠低的情(qing)況(kuang)下,只會暫時(shi)影響鋰電(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)池(chi)容量,但(dan)不會造成(cheng)永久(jiu)傷害(hai)。但(dan)是如果長時(shi)間(jian)在低溫(wen)(wen)環(huan)境中使(shi)用(yong),或(huo)者(zhe)在-40℃超低溫(wen)(wen)環(huan)境中,鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池(chi)可(ke)能會被“凍壞”造成(cheng)永久(jiu)損害(hai)。
另(ling)外,在(zai)低溫(wen)(wen)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)(xia)對(dui)鋰離子電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian),會在(zai)電(dian)池(chi)陽極表面析出金屬鋰,而且這個過程不可逆(ni)。這樣就會對(dui)電(dian)池(chi)造成(cheng)永久損(sun)害,降低電(dian)池(chi)的安全(quan)性(xing)。所(suo)以很多(duo)鋰電(dian)池(chi)設(she)備會有(you)保護裝置,使得在(zai)低溫(wen)(wen)情(qing)(qing)況下(xia)(xia)無法充(chong)電(dian)。
一般鋰電池的最佳使用溫度是0到35攝氏度,低溫環境會降低鋰離子的活性,電池放電能力變弱,使用時間縮短。普納斯專注于鋰電池的研發生產,可提供優質的低溫鋰電池,充電溫度: -20~45℃,放電溫度:-40-60℃ 適用于酒精測試儀等低溫環境使用,歡迎咨詢。