欧美vpswindows精品,亚洲精品9999久久久久无码,大陆极品少妇内射AAAAA,少妇人妻偷人精品免费视频,少妇高潮呻吟A片免费看软件

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)是的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四大主材(cai)之一(yi)，它對(dui)鋰離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)過(guo)充過(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)氣(qi)有(you)重(zhong)要(yao)影(ying)響(xiang)，選擇(ze)合適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)配方(fang)可(ke)以不(bu)斷(duan)修復電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在循環(huan)過(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)SEI破(po)損，保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構穩定性，從(cong)而(er)維持電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)容量(liang)和動(dong)力(li)學(xue)性能。從(cong)溶劑(ji)、鋰鹽、添加(jia)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)角度(du)去提(ti)升(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)在使用過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)全性是目前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)研(yan)究的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)方(fang)向。由于每種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)成(cheng)分都有(you)各自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)，若達到該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)則會發(fa)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反(fan)應(ying)，同時(shi)伴(ban)隨有(you)一(yi)定量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)體產(chan)(chan)(chan)生，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)體積(ji)(ji)膨(peng)脹，甚至(zhi)發(fa)生爆炸1-3。過(guo)充時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)，較(jiao)(jiao)易引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)中溶劑(ji)和添加(jia)劑(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分解(jie)，造(zao)成(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)氣(qi)，但不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)倍(bei)(bei)率會對(dui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)氣(qi)起始電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)和產(chan)(chan)(chan)氣(qi)量(liang)有(you)影(ying)響(xiang)，本(ben)文采用原位(wei)體積(ji)(ji)監控儀（GVM），對(dui)鈷酸鋰/石墨(mo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)（理論(lun)容量(liang)1000mAh）進(jin)行(xing)不(bu)同充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)倍(bei)(bei)率條件下(xia)（0.5C/1.0C/2.0C/3.0C）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原位(wei)過(guo)充體積(ji)(ji)測試，對(dui)比分析電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)氣(qi)行(xing)為。

實驗設備(bei)與測試方法(fa)

1．實驗設備:型號GVM2200（IEST元(yuan)能科技(ji)），測試溫(wen)度(du)范圍(wei)20℃~85℃，支持(chi)雙(shuang)通(tong)道(dao)（2個電芯）同步測試，設備外觀如圖所示。

2.測試方法: 對進行初始稱重m0，將待測電芯放入設備對應通道，開啟MISG軟件，設置各通道對應電芯編號和采樣頻率參數，軟件自動讀取體積變化量，測試溫度，電流，電壓，容量等數據。

原(yuan)位監控(kong)過充(chong)產氣(qi)行為

1．充放電曲線和體積變化曲線分析
電芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)積(ji)變(bian)化曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與電壓(ya)及(ji)微分容量曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)如圖3(a)(b)(c)所(suo)示。采用不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)充電倍率對電芯(xin)進行恒流過充至5V，從圖3(a)可看出(chu)，隨著充電倍率的(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)大，電芯(xin)過充至5V時對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)充電容量減(jian)小(xiao)，且0.5C和(he)(he)1.0C對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)積(ji)變(bian)化曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)會在電壓(ya)接近5V時出(chu)現(xian)(xian)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)拐點(dian)，產(chan)氣(qi)量急劇增(zeng)加。從圖3(b)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)微分容量曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可看出(chu)，隨著充電倍率的(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)加，在位置(zhi)①和(he)(he)位置(zhi)②處的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩組脫嵌鋰的(de)(de)(de)(de)峰(feng)位逐漸右(you)移，說(shuo)明極化逐漸增(zeng)大。圖3(c)是體(ti)積(ji)變(bian)化量曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)對電壓(ya)進行微分后的(de)(de)(de)(de)曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，可看出(chu)大約(yue)有(you)3個(ge)產(chan)氣(qi)峰(feng)，而2.0C和(he)(he)3.0C的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩組曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在第(di)③個(ge)位置(zhi)幾乎無明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)峰(feng)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)。

電芯在4種倍率下充放電曲線(a)；微分容量曲線(b)；微分體積變化量曲線(c)

2.電芯容量及產氣電壓分析
不(bu)同倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)產(chan)氣(qi)曲線(xian)拐點電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)信息如表1和(he)(he)圖4所示。隨著(zhu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da)(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)逐漸減(jian)(jian)小，且(qie)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)從(cong)(cong)2C增(zeng)大(da)(da)至3C時，容量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)速(su)率(lv)(lv)(lv)也增(zeng)大(da)(da)。從(cong)(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)曲線(xian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)看出(chu)，在小倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)0.5C時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)顯著(zhu)大(da)(da)于1C以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。對比分(fen)析容量(liang)(liang)(liang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)曲線(xian)和(he)(he)產(chan)氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)曲線(xian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)看出(chu)，隨著(zhu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da)(da)，導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)容量(liang)(liang)(liang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要原因并不(bu)是產(chan)氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)加，有可(ke)(ke)(ke)能是由于倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)增(zeng)大(da)(da)使(shi)得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)極(ji)化增(zeng)大(da)(da)，從(cong)(cong)而造成(cheng)鋰離子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)脫嵌(qian)更加困難。從(cong)(cong)體(ti)積(ji)變化量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微分(fen)曲線(xian)上可(ke)(ke)(ke)看出(chu)，三組(zu)產(chan)氣(qi)峰(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)均隨著(zhu)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da)(da)而右(you)移，當(dang)倍(bei)(bei)(bei)率(lv)(lv)(lv)為3.0C時，沒(mei)有出(chu)現第三個(ge)產(chan)氣(qi)峰(feng)，說明電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)極(ji)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)大(da)(da)提升了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液成(cheng)份的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)解(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，使(shi)得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)整(zheng)體(ti)產(chan)氣(qi)更少。

不同倍率對應的電芯充電容量及產氣(qi)相(xiang)關信息

不同倍率(lv)下的容量(liang)及(ji)產(chan)氣量(liang)和(he)產(chan)氣電壓(ya)分析曲線

本文(wen)采用(yong)一(yi)種可(ke)控溫雙通道原位產(chan)氣(qi)體積監控儀，監控鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯在不同倍(bei)率過(guo)充條件下的產(chan)氣(qi)行為，可(ke)發現隨(sui)著充電(dian)(dian)(dian)倍(bei)率的增大，電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的容量降低，產(chan)氣(qi)量減小，且產(chan)氣(qi)起始電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓增大，后(hou)續(xu)可(ke)結合產(chan)氣(qi)成分定性分析來進一(yi)步探究不同的溶(rong)劑和添(tian)加劑的種類及含(han)量對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)芯過(guo)充產(chan)氣(qi)的影(ying)響(xiang)，幫助研(yan)發人員開(kai)發更(geng)安全可(ke)靠(kao)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)體系。